Advancing Sustainability: Polyhydroxy Butyrate (PHB) Unveiled - A Comprehensive Review of Eco-friendly Applications

Abstract

Plastic has become the most demanded substance in the various industries of manufacturing. The increased demand and extreme use of plastic is the biggest threat to global environmental pollution. Environmental plastic pollution is a challenge to all living forms on Earth, including terrestrial, celestial, and aquatic ecosystems. Bioplastic or biopolymer is a recommended alternative to overcome petrochemical plastic’s consequences and pollution threats. Petrochemical materials can be replaced by using eco-friendly polymers. Eco-friendly polymers can be developed with the help of microorganisms using organic waste material as a substrate. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) are frequently known biopolymers. Their chemical and physical properties are compatible with the petrochemical polymers. The (PHA.) Polyhydroxyalkanoates are Ecological, Recyclable, and biodegradable. This article focuses on eco-friendly polymer production from microorganisms that use waste material as a carbon source for PHA accumulation.