Chitosan Nanoparticles: An Approach to Sustainable Living

Abstract

Chitosan is a linear polymer extracted from sea waste; and shrimp shells. Chitosan shows fungicidal effects and can act as a defense mechanism in plant tissue; it has become a valuable and highly appreciated polymer as a naturally biodegradable high molecular polymer compound, a non-toxic and bioactive agent. Chitosan-based Nanoparticles are preferably used worldwide for various applications focusing on their biodegradability, high permeability, non-toxicity to humans, and cost-effectiveness. Green synthesis is a newly emerging field of nanobiotechnology that offers economic and environmental advantages. Chitosan Nanoparticles were synthesized using a plant-based method. Plant extracts of Neem leaves were used with chitosan for the synthesis of Neem based Chitosan Nanoparticles. The biosynthesized Neem based Chitosan Nanoparticles were scanned to detect the absorbance peak using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer between the wavelengths of 200 and 400 nm. FTIR and SEM analysis for nanoparticles was performed. These Neem based Chitosan Nanoparticles can efficiently release nutrients in the soil and can probably inhibit the fungal and bacterial contamination of soil. Resulting in increased the yield, and lower the cost of crops.